Conversations with Zane Mooneyhan About Austro-libertarianism and Much More

Letter 1

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Friday, February 19, 2021 3:08 PM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: A second Question

One more thing, sorry I bring all my questions to you, you always answer fastest and with the most sources haha. So I was thinking about federally enclosed land and whatnot, and how there is millions of square miles of “federally owned” land, or otherwise controlled by the US govt, where they are preventing people from going in and homesteading their own land. Is there a case to be made that the govt control of this land is significantly inflating land/property prices? And if so would you say the libertarian solution would be to 1. Sell off the land or 2. “free up” the land, allowing people to go in and homestead the property. The second option seems like the correct libertarian solution to me, and I think this whole thing gets overlooked when talking about poverty and capital accumulation under capitalism. I don’t see why there is so much free land, that has not been homesteaded, but merely “captured” and has been taken control of. In this vein I wanted to talk about your principle of ownership being “9/10ths of the law”. If you remember I asked you the question “what if we know someone’s claim to property is illegitimate, but we don’t know who the specific legitimate claim belongs to” and your answer was roughly that ownership being 9/10ths of the law, unless we knew who rightfully owned the land that the current owner is “legitimate”. I had a question regarding this line of reasoning, and applying it to the “state”. It would seem that arguments against the legitimacy of the state become more difficult assuming this line of reason to be true. As one could say the state “possesses” the land we operate on now, and therefore can legitimately set the rules. Now, even if we know the state accumulated this land, and its possession illegitimately, namely through conquest, but we don’t necessarily know who the “legitimate” owners are. So it would seem like the state is operating as a quasi legitimate entity given this line of reason. I would love to hear your thoughts. As always

Best Regards,

Zane Mooneyhan

Dear Zane:

I don’t know about “significantly.” That’s an empirical claim, for which you’d need some econometric analysis. But, yes, govt ownership of land shifts its supply curve to the left, thus raising land prices.

The libt solution would NOT be to sell off this govt land, since the govt would then get the money, and it already has too much money at its disposal. The second solution, as you say, is correct.

I appreciate your evil vicious () attempt to undermine my claim that possession is .9 of the law. But I don’t think this criticism succeeds, since the counter claimer against the govt has an easy case: the govt get’s all its money thru coercion. The libt solution would be to privatize all govt property.

Here are some readings on this:

Anderson and Hill, 1996; Block, 2002, 2009, 2015; Butler, 1988; Carnis, 2003; Ebeling, 2013; Hanke, 1987A, 1987B; Hannesson, 2004, 2006; Hoppe, 2011; Karpoff, 2001; Megginson, 2001; Moore, 1987; Moore and Butler, 1987; Motichek, Block and Johnson, 2008; Nelson and Block, 2018; Ohashi, 1980; Ohashi, Roth, Spindler, McMillan and Norrie, 1980; Pirie, 1986; Savas, 1987; Walker, 1988; White, 1978

Anderson, Terry L. and Peter J. Hill, editors. 1996. The privatization process: a worldwide perspective, Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

Block, Walter E. 2002. “Radical Privatization and other Libertarian Conundrums,” The International Journal of Politics and Ethics, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 165-175; http://www.walterblock.com/publications/radical_privatization.pdf

Block, Walter E. 2009. The Privatization of Roads and Highways: Human and Economic Factors; Auburn, AL: The Mises Institute; http://www.amazon.com/Privatization-Roads-And-Highways-Factors/dp/1279887303/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1336605800&sr=1-1http://mises.org/books/roads_web.pdfhttp://mises.org/daily/3416

Block, Walter E. and Peter Lothian Nelson. 2015. Water Capitalism: The Case for Privatizing Oceans, Rivers, Lakes, and Aquifers. New York City, N.Y.: Lexington Books; Rowman and Littlefield; https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781498518802/Water-Capitalism-The-Case-for-Privatizing-Oceans-Rivers-Lakes-and-Aquifershttps://mises.org/library/case-privatizing-oceans-and-rivers

Butler, Eamonn, ed., 1988, The Mechanics of Privatization, London: Adam Smith Institute

Carnis, Laurent. 2003. “The Case for Road Privatization: A Defense by Restitution.” Journal des Economistes et des Etudes Humaines. Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 95-116

Ebeling, Richard. 2013. “Why Not Privatize Foreign Policy?” http://epictimes.com/article/127064/why-not-privatize-foreign-policy

Hanke, Steve H., ed., 1987A. Privatization and Development, San Francisco: Institute for Contemporary Studies

Hanke, Steve H. 1987B. “Privatization.” In J. Eatwell, M. Milgate and P. Newman, eds., The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, v. 3. London: The Macmillan Press, Ltd.: 976-77.

Hannesson, Rögnvaldur. 2004. The Privatization of the Oceans, in D.R. Leal (Ed.): Evolving Property Rights in Marine Fisheries, Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield, pp. 25-48.

Hannesson, Rögnvaldur. 2006. The Privatization of the Oceans. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Hoppe, Hans-Hermann. 2011. “Of Private, Common, and Public Property and the Rationale for Total Privatization,” Libertarian Papers 3, 1. http://libertarianpapers.org/2011/1-hoppe-private-common-and-public-property/

Karpoff, Jonathan M. 2001. “Public versus Private Initiative in Arctic Exploration: The Effects of Incentives and Organizational Structure,” The Journal of Political Economy, 109 (1): 38-78.

Megginson, W. Netter, J. 2001. “From State to Market: A Survey of Empirical Studies on Privatization.” Journal of Economic Literature, 39(2): 321-89.

Moore, Stephen. 1987. “Privatizing the U.S. Postal Service,” in Stephen Moore and Stuart Butler, eds., Privatization, Washington: Heritage Foundation.

Moore, Stephen and Stuart Butler, eds., 1987. Privatization, Washington: Heritage Foundation.

Motichek, Amy, Walter E. Block and Jay Johnson. 2008. “Forget Ocean Front Property, We Want Ocean Real Estate!” Ethics, Place, and Environment; Vol. 11, Issue 2, June, pp. 147 – 155

Nelson, Peter Lothian and Walter E. Block. 2018. Space capitalism: the case for privatizing space travel and colonization. Palgrave Macmillan; https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-74651-7https://www.amazon.com/gp/offer-listing/3319746502/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&condition=new&qid=1531187909&sr=8-1&linkCode=sl2&tag=economicpolicyjournal-20&linkId=959e913e476f48b289a16223d557a826http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2018/07/new-walter-block-book-space-capitalism.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

Ohashi, T.M. 1980. Privatization, theory and practice : distributing shares in private and public enterprise. The Fraser Institute, Vancouver, B.C.

Ohashi, T.M., T.P. Roth, Z.A. Spindler, M.L. McMillan, & K.H. Norrie. 1980. Privation Theory & Practice, The Fraser Institute, Vancouver, B.C.

Pirie, Madson, 1986, Privatization in Theory and Practice, London: Adam Smith Institute

Savas, E. S. 1987.  Privatization. Chatham, N.J.: Chatham House Publishers.

Walker, Michael A. 1988.  ed., Privatization: Tactics and Techniques, The Fraser Institute, Vancouver, B.C.,  Canada

White, Lawrence H., 1978, “Privatization of municipally-provided services,” The Journal of Libertarian Studies, Vol. 2, No. 2, Summer, pp. 187-197

Margaret Thatcher:

Duxbury, Nick. 2013. “Iron Lady’s right to buy and economic policies had far-reaching impact; Social landlords reflect on Thatcher’s legacy.” April 12; http://www.insidehousing.co.uk/tenancies/social-landlords-reflect-on-thatcher%E2%80%99s-legacy/6526486.article

Gamble, Andrew. 1988. “Privatization, Thatcherism, and the British State .” Journal of Law and Society     Vol. 16, No. 1, Spring, http://www.jstor.org/stable/1409974

Gamble, Andrew. 1988. “Privatization, Thatcherism, and the British State .” Journal of Law and Society     Vol. 16, No. 1, Spring, http://www.jstor.org/stable/1409974

Gulliver, Kevin. 2013. “Thatcher’s legacy: her role in today’s housing crisis; Margaret Thatcher made a huge impact on the housing sector during her time in office, and we can still feel the effects today.” The Guardian. April 17; http://www.theguardian.com/housing-network/2013/apr/17/margaret-thatcher-legacy-housing-crisis

Marsh, David. 1991. “Privatization under Mrs. Thatcher: a review of the literature.” Public Administration, Volume 69, Issue 4, pages 459–480, December; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9299.1991.tb00915.x/abstract

Milligan, Brian. 2013. “Right-to-buy: Margaret Thatcher’s controversial gift.” BBC News. April 10; http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-22077190

Wolf, Joel. 1991. “State Power and Ideology in Britain: Mrs Thatcher’s Privatization Programme.” Political Studies.Volume 39, Issue 2, pages 237–252, June;

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9248.1991.tb01365.x/abstract?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=&userIsAuthenticated=false

THE PRIVATIZATION OF THE OCEANS, by Rögnvaldur Hannesson

Reviewed by Donald R. Leal (Property and Environment Research Center)

http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/article.asp?issueID=48&articleID=623

RAE:  http://www.gmu.edu/departments/economics/pboettke/rae.html

bibliography of online articles on privatization generally, “Free-Market Alternatives to the State”:  http://www.libertariannation.org/b/BIBHOME.HTM

Best regards,

Walter

Letter 2

From: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Sent: Friday, February 19, 2021 3:23 PM

To: ‘zane mooneyhan’ <[email protected]>

Subject: RE: Housing Guarantee

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Friday, February 19, 2021 2:57 PM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Housing Guarantee

Hey Professor Block! Tis’ me again, haha. I was wondering if you have any sources on federal housing guarantees? This seems to be a bit of  another one of the proposals of those modern monetary guys. Besides just inducing business cycles by the massive credit expansion that would be necessary for this operation to occur, what are some other economic consequences of the govt literally allotting houses to all the homeless in the country. Also, if I understand correctly the ABCT focuses on the lowering of interest rates through credit expansion. So it doesn’t necessarily just focus on monetary expansion, but that done through the credit markets. And I know there is a bit of a distinction between mises and hayek here, where hayek focussed more on interest rates being set low and then having expansion at that lowered level, whereas mises, looked more at credit expansion as a whole, pushing down the interest rates lower than they would be backed by voluntary savings (which, to my understanding is why most misesians are full reservers, and many hayekians are fractional, as they don’t hold that all expansion will necessarily insight the boom). So my question is, if not the credit markets, where can new money enter into the economy?

Dear Zane:

The govt can just purchase a stock or a bond, or a car or a toothbrush for that matter, with newly created money. Of course it can do so thru the credit markets, but it need not utilize that route.

Best regards,

Walter

Letter 3

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Saturday, January 23, 2021 10:22 PM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: School

Professor Block, I want to thank you so much again for everything you’ve done, even if it’s just been two short 1 hr interviews with us it has meant the world. And you are always so apt to reply to emails and supply sources on everything. I’m going to be completely honest, I already went to college once, for mechanical engineering (I’m 21) but I dropped out, I hated it, did not enjoy it one bit. However when I discovered Economics, especially austrian econ and Philosophy, there has been a fire ignited in me for knowledge. There’s so much I want to know and learn, and while I feel like I’m always good at learning on my own, I  have hundreds of books at my disposal, blogs, lectures, etc. But part of me wants to come back to school, and really learn these things, beyond just what I do on my own. You have been such an inspiration in my journey of learning, the amount of stuff you have written is awe inspiring, and I too, want to lead the future to freedom. So that being said, I have been looking at coming to Loyola, but there’s a problem, when I did my year of college, bc I hated it so much, i rarely went to class, I never took my tests, essentially, instead of just dropping out, I failed most of my classes, so I have a low GPA now because of it. I feel like i’m stuck between a rock and a hard place and I’m not sure what to do, If I applied to Loyola I don’t think I would get in, in fact I’m not even sure how I would afford it, but that’s besides the point because I could always take out loans. So I guess my question is, what do I do? Do I keep going on at it alone, learning as much as I can, and trying to teach through my social media platform as much as possible, or do I try and get some sort of degree, even if it can’t be at loyola? As always I look forward to your response

Best Regards,

Zane Mooneyhan

From: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Sent: Sunday, January 24, 2021 3:17 PM

To: ‘zane mooneyhan’ <[email protected]>

Subject: RE: School

Dear Zane:

Thanks for your kind words.

It is not a matter of praxeology, it is an empirical matter as to whether or not you will be accepted by Loyola. Way to test this? Apply!

I’ve spend two hours with you an zoom. I was VERY impressed with your analyis of the economics of property rights, homesteading, precluding. I’d be delighted to write an excellent letter of recommendation.

In my first econ class I received a D. I almost failed out because instead of answering exam questions, I would subject them to criticism. You and I are on the same wavelength.

Best regards,

Walter

Letter 4

Dear Zane:

Sorry I don’t have anything exactly on that. This is not exactly on point, but close:

Council, 2019; Muhlhausen, 2017A, 2017B; Resnikoff, 2014; Weidinger, 2019.

Council of Economic Advisers. 2019. “Government Employment and Training

Programs: Assessing the Evidence on their Performance.” June;

https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Government-Employment-and-Training-Programs.pdf

Muhlhausen, David. 2017B. “So far, federal job-training programs have been outright failures.” March 14; https://thehill.com/blogs/pundits-blog/economy-budget/323885-thus-far-federal-job-training-programs-have-been-an

Muhlhausen, David. 2017A. “Federal Job Training Fails Again.” March 10;

https://www.heritage.org/jobs-and-labor/report/federal-job-training-fails-again

Resnikoff, Ned. 2014. “Job training programs may be more popular than they are effective.” October 14;

http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/job-training-programs-may-be-more-popular-they-are-effective

Weidinger, Matt. 2019. “CEA report finds most government training programs fall short.” June 24;

https://www.aei.org/poverty-studies/cea-report-finds-most-government-training-programs-fall-short/

Best regards,

Walter

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Friday, January 15, 2021 10:35 PM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Re: Objective Law Interview

yes, anything like that, or any sort of govt job program. I know there are a lot of MMT guys who recommend voluntary job programs to try and reach “full employment” and then just use fiscal policy to control inflation.

On Fri, Jan 15, 2021 at 10:56 PM Walter Block <[email protected]> wrote:

Dear Zane:

Like the civilian conservation corp in the 30s?

Best regards,

Walter

Walter E. Block, Ph.D.

Harold E. Wirth Eminent Scholar Endowed Chair and Professor of Economics

Loyola University New Orleans

6363 St. Charles Avenue, Box 15, Miller Hall 318

New Orleans, LA 70118

[email protected]

Skype: Walter.Block4

tel: (504) 864-7934

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Friday, January 15, 2021 9:37 PM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Re: Objective Law Interview

Hey Professor Block! It’s Zane again, I was wondering if you had any resources on things like govt job guarantees? A lot of the keynesian guys these days are moving away from things like minimum wage in favor of job programs, while I’m aware of the many carry over impacts this would have from min wage legislation like hurting smaller businesses and the marginal producers, I was hoping you had some stuff on job programs specifically?

On Mon, Jan 11, 2021 at 5:07 PM zane mooneyhan <[email protected]> wrote:

Okay, thank you for understanding! We will see you then

On Mon, Jan 11, 2021, 4:40 PM Walter Block <[email protected]> wrote:

Dear Zane:

My best wishes for your pet.

Let’s postpone this for exactly one week. I have no doubt that Aleks will do a splendid job, but I’d rather have the both of your, plus your buddies.

Best regards,

Walter

Walter E. Block, Ph.D.

Harold E. Wirth Eminent Scholar Endowed Chair and Professor of Economics

Loyola University New Orleans

6363 St. Charles Avenue, Box 15, Miller Hall 318

New Orleans, LA 70118

[email protected]

Skype: Walter.Block4

tel: (504) 864-7934

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Monday, January 11, 2021 3:32 PM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Re: Objective Law Interview

I had a last minute emergency I’m headed to the pet hospital but Aleks will take over the interview for me

On Mon, Jan 11, 2021, 3:29 PM Walter Block <[email protected]> wrote:

Dear Zane:

See you and your buddies in about 90 minutes.

Best regards,

Walter

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Monday, January 11, 2021 2:28 PM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Re: Objective Law Interview

Here is the zoom link for the interview today

Aleks Popovic is inviting you to a scheduled Zoom meeting.

Topic: Walter Block Interview

Time: Jan 11, 2021 05:00 PM Eastern Time (US and Canada)

Find your local number: https://us02web.zoom.us/u/kdqolum9Xb

On Thu, Jan 7, 2021, 10:38 AM Walter Block <[email protected]> wrote:

confirmed

Walter E. Block, Ph.D.

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Thursday, January 07, 2021 9:03 AM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Re: Objective Law Interview

That sounds great! We will see you there. Thank you again!

On Wed, Jan 6, 2021 at 9:59 PM Walter Block <[email protected]> wrote:

Dear Zane:

I’m ok with 1/11/21 at 5-6 est.

Best regards,

Walter

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Tuesday, January 05, 2021 11:07 AM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Re: Objective Law Interview

Thank you for the response! And I talked to the guys and it seems a lot of them will be in school at that time. We were wondering if it would be possible to do it some time in the afternoon, maybe around 5-6 EST? So about 4-5 your time. And it doesnt have to be monday, we could do any day of the week except wednesday. Also, on weekends we are free any time. Let me know what works best for you, and if you need to do it around noon, I can get a different group that wont be in school at that time.

On Tue, Jan 5, 2021, 11:15 AM Walter Block <[email protected]> wrote:

Dear Zane:

Suppose I slip on a banaba peel on unowned territory and in my struggle to attain my balance I punch you in the nose. I’m not a criminal. I had no mens rea. It was an accident, we all agree. Do I owe you any compensation? I think I do. How much?  A reasonable amount, to be determined, hopefully, by a private court. If this occurs on some third party’s private property, then that person should determine the rules. But this occurred in your house. I don’t think you get to make a determination since you can’t be a judge in your own case. And, why are you leaving banana peels around in your house? You owe me compensation for doing that.

Whenever an interesting new problem is posed to me, I try to think of more pedestrian cases, and see if they can apply.

Here’s another case. You invite Typhoid Mary to your home. Neither of you know she is carrying this dread and contagious disease. You catch it from her. Does she owe you compensation? I don’t see why she does. I’ve written a bit about an analogous case:

Block, Walter E. 2019. “Human shields, missiles, negative homesteading and libertarianism” Ekonomia Wroclaw Economic Review. Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 9- 22; http://wuwr.pl/ekon/issue/view/515http://ekon.wuwr.pl/catalog/-38http://wuwr.pl/ekon/article/view/8520/8138

Best regards,

Walter

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Tuesday, January 05, 2021 9:30 AM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Re: Objective Law Interview

Okay, thank you! I will run this by everyone and see what works best for them, I want to make sure we have a ton of people there for you this time around. Also I had a question I was pondering on that I wanted to run by you in regards to the NAP. Say someone has coronavirus, and they arent aware of it, maybe they come over to your house, you voluntarily allowed them in, and they get you sick. And let’s just say, for the sake of the argument you could in fact prove and demonstrate that they were directly the cause of your sickness, could this be a case where you could seek reparations from them? Maybe they have to compensate for you medical bills, or your missed work, etc. So I guess my question, would this be handled like any other externality, or would this just be a case of “well we can’t really sue everyone who gets sick this seems absurd” type of deal. Looking forward to hearing your response!

On Mon, Jan 4, 2021 at 9:13 PM Walter Block <[email protected]> wrote:

Dear Zane:

How’s about 1/11/21? At noon, central time? If no good for you guys, give me a few alternatives.

Best regards,

Walter

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Monday, January 04, 2021 6:30 PM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Re: Objective Law Interview

We are available whenever you are! This weekend on the 9th or if thats too short notice, whenever works for you. You can let us know when you’re available and we will make room!

Also, our last interview was on December 11th, we talked mostly about libertarianism and a little bit about praxeology. We went  through evictionism and talked a bit about the blockean proviso and a little bit about children under a voluntary society.

Here is the url: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJsIBr7WwKQ&t=3513s

Thank you,

Zane Mooneyhan

On Mon, Jan 4, 2021 at 7:25 PM Walter Block <[email protected]> wrote:

Dear Zane:

Sure. Delighted. When’s good for you?

Please send me the url, date, info, on our previous interviews.

Best regards,

Walter

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Monday, January 04, 2021 6:24 PM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Objective Law Interview

Hi professor Block! It’s Zane again, now that its the new year I was hoping that we could set up that interview on objective law and “minarchy”. I hope the holidays went well for you, me and a bunch of the guys have been reading through the list you gave us and we have come up with some critiques we thought you might like to hear. Also I just finished your book on privatizing roads, and I just started reading your critique of public choice as well as “defending the undefendable”. Anyways I hope to hear back from you soon!

Thank you,

Zane Mooneyhan

Letter 5

From: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Sent: Tuesday, January 05, 2021 10:15 AM

To: ‘zane mooneyhan’ <[email protected]>

Subject: RE: Objective Law Interview

Dear Zane:

Suppose I slip on a banaba peel on unowned territory and in my struggle to attain my balance I punch you in the nose. I’m not a criminal. I had no mens rea. It was an accident, we all agree. Do I owe you any compensation? I think I do. How much?  A reasonable amount, to be determined, hopefully, by a private court. If this occurs on some third party’s private property, then that person should determine the rules. But this occurred in your house. I don’t think you get to make a determination since you can’t be a judge in your own case. And, why are you leaving banana peels around in your house? You owe me compensation for doing that.

Whenever an interesting new problem is posed to me, I try to think of more pedestrian cases, and see if they can apply.

Here’s another case. You invite Typhoid Mary to your home. Neither of you know she is carrying this dread and contagious disease. You catch it from her. Does she owe you compensation? I don’t see why she does. I’ve written a bit about an analogous case:

Block, Walter E. 2019. “Human shields, missiles, negative homesteading and libertarianism” Ekonomia Wroclaw Economic Review. Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 9- 22; http://wuwr.pl/ekon/issue/view/515http://ekon.wuwr.pl/catalog/-38http://wuwr.pl/ekon/article/view/8520/8138

Best regards,

Walter

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Tuesday, January 05, 2021 9:30 AM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Re: Objective Law Interview

Okay, thank you! I will run this by everyone and see what works best for them, I want to make sure we have a ton of people there for you this time around. Also I had a question I was pondering on that I wanted to run by you in regards to the NAP. Say someone has coronavirus, and they arent aware of it, maybe they come over to your house, you voluntarily allowed them in, and they get you sick. And let’s just say, for the sake of the argument you could in fact prove and demonstrate that they were directly the cause of your sickness, could this be a case where you could seek reparations from them? Maybe they have to compensate for you medical bills, or your missed work, etc. So I guess my question, would this be handled like any other externality, or would this just be a case of “well we can’t really sue everyone who gets sick this seems absurd” type of deal. Looking forward to hearing your response!

On Mon, Jan 4, 2021 at 9:13 PM Walter Block <[email protected]> wrote:

Dear Zane:

How’s about 1/11/21? At noon, central time? If no good for you guys, give me a few alternatives.

Best regards,

Walter

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Monday, January 04, 2021 6:30 PM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Re: Objective Law Interview

We are available whenever you are! This weekend on the 9th or if thats too short notice, whenever works for you. You can let us know when you’re available and we will make room!

Also, our last interview was on December 11th, we talked mostly about libertarianism and a little bit about praxeology. We went  through evictionism and talked a bit about the blockean proviso and a little bit about children under a voluntary society.

Here is the url: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJsIBr7WwKQ&t=3513s

Thank you,

Zane Mooneyhan

On Mon, Jan 4, 2021 at 7:25 PM Walter Block <[email protected]> wrote:

Dear Zane:

Sure. Delighted. When’s good for you?

Please send me the url, date, info, on our previous interviews.

Best regards,

Walter

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Monday, January 04, 2021 6:24 PM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Objective Law Interview

Hi professor Block! It’s Zane again, now that its the new year I was hoping that we could set up that interview on objective law and “minarchy”. I hope the holidays went well for you, me and a bunch of the guys have been reading through the list you gave us and we have come up with some critiques we thought you might like to hear. Also I just finished your book on privatizing roads, and I just started reading your critique of public choice as well as “defending the undefendable”. Anyways I hope to hear back from you soon!

Thank you,

Zane Mooneyhan

Letter 6

Dear Zane:

I’m gonna put you off with a reading list on this, since I’m now very busy. However, next year, I could do an interview with you and your buddies on this very issue if you want.

Anderson and Hill, 1979; Benson, 1989, 1990; Block, 2007, 2010, 2011; Block v. Helfeld, 2014; Caplan, Undated; Casey, 2010; Chamberlin, 2017; Childs, 1970; DiLorenzo, 2010; Durden, 2018; Gregory, 2011; Griffin 2002; Guillory & Tinsley, 2009; Hasnas, 1995; Heinrich, 2010; Higgs, 2009, 2012, 2017, 2019; Hoppe, 2008, 2011; Huebert, 2010; King, 2010; Kinsella, 2009; Long, 2004; McConkey, 2013; Molyneux, 2008, undated; Murphy, 2005; Nisbet, 1984; Nock, 1939; Oppenheimer, 1926; Paul, 2008; Rockwell, 2013, 2016; Rothbard, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1998; Smith, 2008; Spooner, 1870; Stringham, 2007, 2015; Tannehill, 1984; Tinsley, 1998-1999; Wenzel, 2013; Woods, 2014.

Anderson, Terry and Hill, P.J. 1979. “An American Experiment in Anarcho-Capitalism: The Not So Wild, Wild West,” Journal of Libertarian Studies, 3: 9-29; http://mises.org/journals/jls/3_1/3_1_2.pdf

Benson, Bruce L. 1989. Enforcement of Private Property Rights in Primitive Societies: Law Without Government,” The Journal of Libertarian Studies, Vol. IX, No. 1, Winter, pp. 1-26; http://mises.org/journals/jls/9_1/9_1_1.pdf

Benson, Bruce L. 1990. “Customary Law with Private Means of Resolving Disputes and Dispensing Justice: A Description of a Modern System of Law and Order without State Coercion.” The Journal of Libertarian Studies, Vol. IX, No. 2,” pp. 25-42; http://mises.org/journals/jls/9_2/9_2_2.pdf

Block, Walter E. 2007. “Anarchism and Minarchism; No Rapprochement Possible: Reply to Tibor Machan,” Journal of Libertarian Studies, Vol. 21, No. 1, Spring, pp. 91-99; http://mises.org/journals/jls/22_1/22_1_37.pdf

https://mises.org/library/anarchism-and-minarchism-no-rapprochement-possible-reply-tibor-machan

Block, Walter E. 2011. “Governmental inevitability: reply to Holcombe.” Journal of Libertarian Studies, Vol. 22; pp. 667-688; http://mises.org/journals/jls/22_1/22_1_34.pdf

Block, Walter E. and Michael Fleischer. 2010. “How Would An Anarchist Society Handle Child Abuse?” October 13; https://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block167.html

Casey, Doug. 2010. “Doug Casey on Anarchy.” March 31; http://www.caseyresearch.com/cwc/doug-casey-anarchy

May 11, 2014. Walter Block debates Jan Helfeld on anarchism versus minimal government; Jan Helfeld <[email protected]>; Daniel Rothschild [email protected]http://youtu.be/58-YSENYuVMhttp://archive.lewrockwell.com/lrc-blog/walter-block-debates-anarcho-capitalism-vs-limited-government/http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2014/05/walter-block-vs-jan-helfeld-on-anarchy.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hsKmqXy55E

Caplan, Bryan. Undated. “Anarchist Theory FAQ, or, Instead of a FAQ, by a Man Too Busy to Write One.” http://econfaculty.gmu.edu/bcaplan/anarfaq.htm

Chamberlin, Antón and Walter E. Block. 2017. “The case for the stateless society: law.” Acta Economica et Turistica. Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 103-118; https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/aet.2017.3.issue-2/aet-2017-0012/aet-2017-0012.xml?format=INT;

https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/aet.2017.3.issue-2/aet-2017-0012/aet-2017-0012.pdf

Childs, Roy. 1970. “An Open Letter to Ayn Rand’ https://www.lewrockwell.com/1970/01/roy-a-childs-jr/objectivism-and-the-state-an-open-letter-to-ayn-rand/https://archive.org/stream/ChildsOpenLetter/Childs%20Open%20Letter_djvu.txt

DiLorenzo, Thomas J. 2010. “The Culture of Violence in the American West: Myth versus Reality.” The Independent Review, v. 15, n. 2, Fall 2010, pp. 227–239; http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_15_02_4_dilorenzo.pdf

Durden, Tyler. 2018. “Is Anarcho-Capitalism Possible?” March 25; https://www.zerohedge.com/news/2018-03-24/anarcho-capitalism-possible

Gregory, Anthony. 2011. “Abolish the Police.” May 26; https://www.lewrockwell.com/gregory/gregory213.html

Griffin, G. Edward.  2002. The Creature from Jekyll Island: A Second Look at the Federal Reserve, American Media, Westlake Village, CA

Guillory, Gil & Patrick Tinsley. 2009. “The Role of Subscription-Based Patrol and Restitution in the Future of Liberty,” Libertarian Papers 1, 12; http://libertarianpapers.org/2009/12-the-role-of-subscription-based-patrol-and-restitution-in-the-future-of-liberty/

Hasnas, John. 1995. “The myth of the rule of law.” Wisconsin Law Review 199;

http://faculty.msb.edu/hasnasj/GTWebSite/MythWeb.htm

Heinrich, David J. 2010. “Justice for All Without the State.” The Libertarian Standard. May 6; http://www.libertarianstandard.com/articles/david-j-heinrich/justice-for-all-without-the-state/

Higgs, Robert. 2009. “Why We Couldn’t Abolish Slavery Then and Can’t Abolish Government Now.” August 20; https://www.lewrockwell.com/higgs/higgs128.html

Higgs, Robert. 2012. “What is the point of my libertarian anarchism?” January 16; http://archive.lewrockwell.com/higgs/higgs180.html

Higgs, Robert. 2017. “Is a National Government Necessary for National Defense?” March 23; http://www.targetliberty.com/2017/03/is-national-government-necessary-for.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+TargetLiberty+%28Target+Liberty%29

Higgs, Robert. 2019. “The Siren Song of the State.” July 23; https://mises.org/library/siren-song-state?utm_source=Mises+Institute+Subscriptions&utm_campaign=2063d61085-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_9_21_2018_9_59_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_8b52b2e1c0-2063d61085-227976965

Hoppe, Hans-Hermann. 2008. “Reflections on the Origin and the Stability of the State.” June 23; https://www.lewrockwell.com/hoppe/hoppe18.html

Hoppe, Hans-Hermann. 2011. “State or Private Law Society.” April 10;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/hoppe/hoppe26.1.html

Huebert, Jacob. 2010. Libertarianism Today. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger

King, Seth. 2010. “Daily Anarchist Interviews Walter E. Block,” September 9;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block165.html

Kinsella, Stephan. 2009. “The Irrelevance of the Impossibility of Anarcho-Libertarianism.” August 20; http://www.stephankinsella.com/2009/08/20/the-irrelevance-of-the-impossibility-of-anarcho-libertarianism/

Long, Roderick. 2004. “Libertarian Anarchism: Responses to Ten Objections” https://www.lewrockwell.com/long/long11.html

McConkey, Michael. 2013. “Anarchy, Sovereignty, and the State of Exception: Schmitt’s Challenge.” The Independent Review, v. 17, n. 3, Winter, pp. 415–428. http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_17_03_05_mcconkey.pdf

Molyneux, Stefan. 2008. “The Stateless Society: An Examination of Alternatives.” http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg02056.html

Molyneux, Stefan. Undated. “’Practical Anarchy.” http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/anarchist_archives/practicalanarchy.pdfhttp://cdn.media.freedomainradio.com/feed/books/PA/Practical_Anarchy_by_Stefan_Molyneux.mp3.

Murphy, Robert P. 2005.  “But Wouldn’t Warlords Take Over?” July 7; http://mises.org/story/1855http://mises.org/library/wouldnt-warlords-take-over

Nisbet, Robert. 1984. “Cloaking the State’s Dagger’ The history of political thought is a history of one euphemism after another to disguise the naked power of the state..” October; https://reason.com/1984/10/01/cloaking-the-states-dagger/

Nock, Albert Jay. 1930. “The Criminality of the State.” March, https://mises.org/library/criminality-state

Nock (1930): “”

Oppenheimer, Franz. 1926. The State. New York: Vanguard Press

Paul, Ron.  2008. “On the Inner Contradictions of Limited Government.” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7o4kiWpqoeg&feature=PlayList&p=9645F6A68683F679&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=4

Rokwell, Lew. 2013. “What Would We Do Without the State?” March 31;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/blog/lewrw/archives/134782.html

https://www.lewrockwell.com/lrc-blog/what-would-we-do-without-the-state/

Rockwell, Lew. 2016. “The Trouble With Politics.” November 8;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/2016/11/lew-rockwell/fatal-flaw-politics/

Rothbard, Murray N. 1973. For a New Liberty, Macmillan, New York; http://mises.org/rothbard/newlibertywhole.asp

In the view of Rothbard (1973, emphasis added by present author): “For centuries, the State (or more strictly, individuals acting in their roles as ‘members of the government’) has cloaked its criminal activity in high-sounding rhetoric. For centuries the State has committed mass murder and called it ‘war’; then ennobled the mass slaughter that ‘war’ involves. For centuries the State has enslaved people into its armed battalions and called it ‘conscription’ in the ‘national service.’ For centuries the State has robbed people at bayonet point and called it ‘taxation.’ In fact, if you wish to know how libertarians regard the State and any of its acts, simply think of the State as a criminal band, and all of the libertarian attitudes will logically fall into place.”

Rothbard, Murray N. 1975. “Society Without a State.” The Libertarian Forum, volume 7.1, January; https://www.lewrockwell.com/rothbard/rothbard133.html

Rothbard, Murray N. 1977. “Do you hate the state?” The Libertarian Forum, Vol. 10, No. 7, July; https://www.lewrockwell.com/rothbard/rothbard75.html

“…there is no sign that David Friedman in any sense hates the existing American State or the State per se, hates it deep in his belly as a predatory gang of robbers, enslavers, and murderers. No, there is simply the cool conviction that anarchism would be the best of all possible worlds, but that our current set-up is pretty far up with it in desirability. For there is no sense in Friedman that the State – any State – is a predatory gang of criminals.”

“The radical cannot think in such terms, because the radical regards the State as our mortal enemy, which must be hacked away at wherever and whenever we can. To the radical libertarian, we must take any and every opportunity to chop away at the State, whether it’s to reduce or abolish a tax, a budget appropriation, or a regulatory power. And the radical libertarian is insatiable in this appetite until the State has been abolished, or – for minarchists – dwindled down to a tiny, laissez-faire role.”

Rothbard, Murray N. 1998 [1982]. The Ethics of Liberty, New York: New York University Press. http://www.mises.org/rothbard/ethics/ethics.asp

Paul, Ron. 2008. “On the Inner Contradictions of Limited Government.” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7o4kiWpqoeg&feature=PlayList&p=9645F6A68683F679&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=4

Shaffer, Butler.

www.mises.org/books/wizards/pdf

Smith, George Ford. 2008. The Flight of the Barbarous Relic, CreateSpace, Lawrenceville, GA

Spooner, Lysander. 1966[1870]. No Treason: The Constitution of No Authority and A Letter to Thomas F. Bayard, Larkspur, Colorado: Rampart College; http://jim.com/treason.htm

Stringham, Edward, ed. 2007. Anarchy and the Law: The Political Economy of Choice, Somerset, NJ: Transaction Publishers.

Stringham, Edward. 2015. Private Governance: Creating Order in Economic and Social Life.  Oxford University Press

Tannehill, Morris and Linda Tannehill. [1970] 1984. The Market for Liberty, New York: Laissez Faire Books; https://www.lewrockwell.com/orig11/tannehill1.html

Tinsley, Patrick. 1998-1999. “With Liberty and Justice for All: A Case for Private Police,” Journal of Libertarian Studies, Vol. 14, No. 1, Winter, pp. 95-100; http://www.mises.org/journals/jls/14_1/14_1_5.pdf

Wenzel, Robert. 2013. “Robert Ringer’s Strawman Anarchist.” February 2;

http://archive.lewrockwell.com/wenzel/wenzel211.html

Woods, Tom. 2014. “Four things the state is not.” July 29;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/2014/07/no_author/4-things-the-state-is-not/

private police: private army:

Gregory, 2011; Guillory, & Tinsley. 2009; Hoppe, 2011; Huebert, 2010; Murphy, 2005; Rothbard, 1973, 1975, 1998 [1982];  Stringham, 2007;  Tannehills[1970] 1984; Tinsley, 1998-1999; Wiśniewski, 2014; Wollstein, 1969; Woolridge, 1970.

Gregory, Anthony. 2011. “Abolish the Police.” May 26; https://www.lewrockwell.com/gregory/gregory213.html

Guillory, Gil & Patrick Tinsley. 2009. “The Role of Subscription-Based Patrol and Restitution in the Future of Liberty,” Libertarian Papers 1, 12; http://libertarianpapers.org/2009/12-the-role-of-subscription-based-patrol-and-restitution-in-the-future-of-liberty/

Hoppe, Hans-Hermann. 2011. “State or Private Law Society.” April 10;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/hoppe/hoppe26.1.html

Huebert, Jacob. 2010. Libertarianism Today. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger

Murphy, Robert P. 2005.  “But Wouldn’t Warlords Take Over?” July 7; http://mises.org/story/1855http://mises.org/library/wouldnt-warlords-take-over

Rothbard, Murray N. 1973. For a New Liberty, Macmillan, New York; http://mises.org/rothbard/newlibertywhole.asp

Rothbard, Murray N. 1975. “Society Without a State.” The Libertarian Forum, volume 7.1, January; https://www.lewrockwell.com/rothbard/rothbard133.html

Rothbard, Murray N. 1998 [1982]. The Ethics of Liberty, New York: New York University Press. http://www.mises.org/rothbard/ethics/ethics.asp

Stringham, Edward, ed. 2007. Anarchy and the Law: The Political Economy of Choice, Somerset, NJ: Transaction Publishers.

Tannehill, Morris and Linda Tannehill. [1970] 1984. The Market for Liberty, New York: Laissez Faire Books; https://www.lewrockwell.com/orig11/tannehill1.html

Tinsley, Patrick. 1998-1999. “With Liberty and Justice for All: A Case for Private Police,” Journal of Libertarian Studies, Vol. 14, No. 1, Winter, pp. 95-100; http://www.mises.org/journals/jls/14_1/14_1_5.pdf

Wiśniewski, Jakub Bożydar. 2014. “Defense as a private good in a competitive order” Review of Social and Economic Issues, Vol. 1, No. 1, Summer, pp. 2-35;

http://rsei.rau.ro/images/V1N1/Jakub%20Bozydar%20Wisniewski.pdf

Wollstein, Jarret B. 1969. Society Without Coercion. In Society Without Government. New York: Arno Press

Woolridge, William C. 1970. Uncle Sam the Monopoly Man, New Rochelle, N.Y.: Arlington House

Best regards,

Walter

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Tuesday, December 15, 2020 6:15 PM

To: Walter Block <[email protected]>

Subject: Objective Law and the Market of Force

Hi Professor Block,

It’s Zane again, sorry if I’m emailing you a ton there is just so much I want to learn and I figured what’s the best source of information if not the great Walter Block himself. I had a question about some objectivist or minarchist critiques of Anarchism or Anarcho Capitalism, in that, they believe there must be a a single monopoly on force in order to ensure peaceful interactions between people. As rights are objective, there must be an objective standard upon which to juxtaposed these rights violations. Essentially the argument is that the market is summed up as peaceful voluntary interactions between people, therefore there can not be a market in force, as this would be a contradiction in terms. I was wondering if you had any material on this topic that I could refer to, or just your general thoughts on the idea of “objective law”. To me it seems like a silly concept, your law can be as “objective” as you want it to be, it’s going to be subjectively applied and interpreted by fallible human beings motived by their own wants. Not only this if their government is “voluntarily funded” this would mean the interaction between the govt and the people is “peaceful and voluntary” thus this fits the definition of “market” under their own standard, thus there is, in fact, a market for violence. The idea that a central entity must protect property rights and subdue any competing companies from arising seems antithetical,  to the very principle of property rights. I would love to hear your thoughts.

Best Regards,

Zane Mooneyha

Letter 7

Dear Zane:

See below.

Best regards,

Walter

From: zane mooneyhan <[email protected]>

Sent: Friday, December 11, 2020 7:40 PM

To: [email protected]

Subject: Minimum Wage Resources

Hi professor Block, It’s Zane from the interview tonight. You had mentioned that you had some resources on minimum wage, rent control, and a few on charity organizations I was wondering if I could get those I would love to look through them.

Charity:

Andreoni, James. 1990. “Impure Altruism and Donations to Public Goods: A Theory of Warm-Glow Giving.” Economic Journal vol. 100, no. 401 (June): 464-477.

Andreoni, James, and Abigail Payne. 2003. “Do Government Grants to Private

Charities Crowd out Giving or Fund-Raising?” American Economic Review vol.

93, no. 3 (June): 792-812

Arrow, Kenneth J. 1972. “Gifts and Exchanges.” Philosophy and Public Affairs vol.1, no. 4 (Summer): 343-362.

Beaulier, Scott A., and Joshua C. Hall. 2008. “Collective Consumption Externalities and Charitable Giving” New Perspectives on Political Economy; Vol. 4, No. 1, 2008, pp. 23 – 40; http://pcpe.libinst.cz/nppe/4_1/nppe4_1_2.pdf

Beito, David. 2000. From Mutual Aid to the Welfare State. Chapel Hill, NC: University

of North Carolina Press.

Clotfelter, Charles T. 1985. Federal Tax Policy and Charitable Giving. Chicago:

University of Chicago Press.

Gergen, Mark P. 1988. “The Case for a Charitable Contributions Deduction.” Virginia Law Review 74, no. 8 (November): 1393-14.

Glazer, Amihai, and Kai A. Konrad. 1996. “A Signaling Explanation for Charity.”

American Economic Review 86, no. 4 (September): 1019-1028.

Gruber, Jonathan, and Daniel M. Hungerman. 2005. “Faith-Based Charity and

Crowd Out During the Great Depression.” National Bureau of Economic Research

Working Paper 11332.

Hartford, Tim. 2006. “Charity is Selfish: The Economic Case Against Philanthropy.”

Slate, October 14. Online at: http://www.slate.com/id/2151244.

Hochman, Harold M., and James D. Rodgers. 1977. “The Optimal Tax Treatment

of Charitable Contributions.” National Tax Journal vol. 30, no. 1 (March): 1-18.

Hughes, Mark, “Unmasking the Two-Tier Tax-Credit Scheme,” The Philanthropist, Vol. 8, No. 2, 1989, pp. 16-31

Hughes, Mark. 1988. “Review of Walter W. Powell, ed., The Nonprofit Sector: A Research Handbook, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987,” in The Philanthropist, Vol. 7, No. 4, Summer, pp. 61-65

Hughes, Mark. 1990. “Counterpoint: A Response to Bennett and DiLorenzo,” The Philanthropist, Vol. 9, No. 3, Fall, pp. 43-56.

Middle Class Windfalls and the Poverty of the Welfare State

Mark D Hughes: The Philanthropist, October 1, 1991, Pp 3 – 24

http://thephilanthropist.ca/original-pdfs/Philanthropist-10-4-82.pdf

You can find my other few articles on the subject here ( the pdfs on the right side are the best versions):   http://thephilanthropist.ca/author/mark-d-hughes/

Kingma, Bruce R. 1989. “An Accurate Measure of the Crowd-out Effect, Income

Effect, and Price Effect for Charitable Contributions.” Journal of Political Economy vol. 97, no. 5 (October): 1197-1207.

McGrnahan, Leslie M. 2000. “Charity and the Bequest Motive: Evidence from

Seventeenth-Century Wills.” Journal of Political Economy vol. 108, no. 6 (December):

1270-1291.

Reece, William S. 1979. “Charitable Contributions: New Evidence on Household

Behavior.” American Economic Review vol. 69, no. 1 (March): 142-151.

Ribar, David C., and Mark O. Wilhelm. 2002. “Altruistic and Joy-of-Giving Motivations

in Charitable Behavior.” Journal of Political Economy vol. 110, no. 2 (April):

425-457.

Rose-Ackerman, Susan. 1982. “Charitable Giving and ‘Excessive’ Fundraising.”

Quarterly Journal of Economics vol. 97, no. 2 (May): 193-212

In 1989, Vietnamese Foreign Minister Nguyen Co Thach averred: “The Americans couldn’t destroy Hanoi, but we have destroyed our city by the very low rents.” (Dhillon, 2007). According to Assar Lindbeck, 1972: “In many cases, rent control appears to be the most efficient technique presently known to destroy a city except for bombing.” In the view of Gunner Myrdal, 1965: “Rent control has in certain western countries constituted, maybe, the worst example of poor planning by governments lacking courage and vision.” For further elaboration, see

Arias, Anderson and Block, 2016; Baird, 1980; Block and Olsen, 1981; Block, Horton and Shorter, 1998; Block, 2002; Bresiger, 2019; Dhillon, 2007; Friedman and Stigler, 1946; Grampp, 1950; Grant, 1989; Hayek, 1981; Johnson, 1982;  Lindbeck, 1972; Myrdal, 1965; Salins, 1980; Snarr, 2019; Thomas, 2020; Tucker, 1990

Arias, Miguel, Christine Anderson and Walter E. Block. 2016. “A Paternalist’s Mistake: Rent Control.” Journal of Economics and Political Economy. Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 627-637; http://www.kspjournals.org/index.php/JEPE/issue/view/71http://www.kspjournals.org/index.php/JEPE/article/view/1058;

http://www.kspjournals.org/index.php/JEPE/article/view/1140/1168;

http://www.kspjournals.org/index.php/JEPE/article/view/1058/1167

Baird, Charles. 1980. Rent Control: The Perennial Folly, Washington D.C.: The Cato Institute

Block, Walter E., and Edgar Olsen, eds. 1981. ”Rent Control: Myths and Realities, Vancouver, The Fraser Institute

Block, Walter E., Joseph Horton and Ethan Shorter. 1998. “Rent Control: An Economic Abomination,” International Journal of Value Based Management, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 253-263

Block, Walter E. 2002. “A critique of the legal and philosophical case for rent control,” Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 40, pp. 75-90; http://www.mises.org/etexts/rentcontrol.pdf

Bresiger, Gregory. 2019. “Rent Control: A History of Failure.” September 19;

https://mises.org/wire/rent-control-history-failure

Dhillon, Bob. 2007. “The perversity of rent controls,” National Post, June 28, p. FP15

Friedman, Milton and George Stigler. 1946. “Roofs or Ceilings?,” September, Irvington-on-Hudson: Foundation for Economic Education, http://www.fee.org/library/books/Roofs_or_Ceilings.asp; reprinted as Friedman, Milton, and George Stigler. 1981. “Roofs or Ceilings?” in Rent Control: Myths and Realities, Walter E. Block and Edgar Olsen, eds., Vancouver: The Fraser Institute.

Grampp, W.S. 1950. “Some Effects of Rent Control,” Southern Economic Journal, April, pp. 425-426

Grant, R.W. 1989. “Rent Control and the War Against the Poor,” Manhattan Beach, CA: Quandary House

Hayek, Friedrich A. 1981. “The Repercussions of Rent Restrictions,” Rent Control: Myths and Realities, Walter E. Block , ed., Vancouver: The Fraser Institute

Johnson, M. Bruce, ed. 1982. ”Resolving the Housing Crisis: Government Policy, Decontrol, and the Public Interest, San Francisco: The Pacific Institute

Lindbeck, Assar. 1972. The Political Economy of the New Left, New York: Harper and Row; cited in Rydenfelt, Sven, “The Rise, Fall and Revival of Swedish Rent Control,” in Rent Control: Myths and Realities, Walter E. Block and Edgar Olsen, eds., 1981. Vancouver: The Fraser Institute, 1981, pp. 213, 230.

Myrdal, Gunnar. 1965. “Opening Address to the Council of International Building Research in Copenhagen”; cited in ”Dagens Nyheter (Swedish Newspaper), 25 August 1965, p. 12; cited in Rydenfelt, Sven, “The Rise, Fall and Revival of Swedish Rent Control,” in Rent Control: Myths and Realities, Walter E. Block and Edgar Olsen, eds., 1981. Vancouver: The Fraser Institute, p. 224; cited in Block, Walter E. 1981. “Preface.” Rent Control: Myths and Realities, Walter E. Block and Edgar Olsen, eds., 1981. Vancouver: The Fraser Institute, p. xiv.

Salins, Peter D. 1980. The Ecology of Housing Destruction:  Economic Effects of Public Intervention in the Housing Market, New York: New York University Press.

Snarr, Hal. 2019.  “How Rent Control Harms Those It Hopes to Help.” March 8; https://mises.org/wire/how-rent-control-harms-those-it-hopes-help

Thomas, Bradley. 2020. “California Heads toward Disaster with Yet Another Rent Control Ballot Measure.” March 7; https://mises.org/wire/california-heads-toward-disaster-yet-another-rent-control-ballot-measure?utm_source=Mises+Institute+Subscriptions&utm_campaign=5d7d600b37-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_12_31_06_15_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_8b52b2e1c0-5d7d600b37-227976965

Tucker, William. 1990. The Excluded Americans: Homelessness and Housing Policies, Washington D.C.: Regnery Gateway

Tenants against rent control; http://www.wclf.org/articles/2.2.1.html

on the minimum wage, video:

http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2013/09/what-will-become-automated-now.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

https://youtu.be/XekCVIUmBiM

Pelosi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8pFC3LKMIQo&t=62s

Williams, Walter E. War on Poverty. http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2016/09/we-were-winning-war-on-poverty.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

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Boudreaux, Don. 2015C. “Data on the battle: The Minimum Wage vs Automation.”  December 18; http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2015/12/data-on-battle-minimum-wage-vs.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

Boudreaux, Don. 2015D. “Setting the record straight: Automation Caused by Minimum Wage Laws and Otherwise.” December 19; http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2015/12/setting-record-straight-automation.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

Boudreaux, Don. 2016A. “On Further Handicapping the Least Productive.” June 3; http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2016/06/on-further-handicapping-least-productive.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

Boudreaux, Don. 2016B. “A Pro Minimum-Wage Professor Believes in Miracles.” June 14; http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2016/06/a-pro-minimum-wage-professor-believes.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

Boudreaux, Don. 2016C. “What the World Looks Like to Someone Who Doesn’t Understand Economics.” June 24; http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2016/06/what-world-looks-like-to-someone-who.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

Boudreaux, Don. 2016D. “The Inconsistency of People Who Support Higher Tariffs and Who Also Support Higher Minimum Wages.” August 4; http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2016/08/the-inconsistency-of-people-who-support.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

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disgraceful.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

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Calton, Chris. 2017. “The Racist History of Minimum Wage Laws.” April 16; https://mises.org/blog/racist-history-minimum-wage-laws

Caplan, Bryan. 2013A. “Phase-In: A Demagogic Theory of the Minimum Wage.” December 5;

http://econlog.econlib.org/archives/2013/12/phase_in_a_psyc.html

Caplan, Bryan. 2013B. “The Myopic Empiricism of the Minimum Wage.” March 12;

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Friedman, Milton. Undated. “A minimum-wage law is, in reality, a law that makes it illegal for an employer to hire a person with limited skills.” http://izquotes.com/quote/306121http://books.google.com/books?id=ck6bXqt5shkC&pg=PA292&lpg=PA292&dq=Playboy+Milton+Friedman:+%E2%80%9CA+minimum-wage+law+is,+in+reality,+a+law+that+makes+it+illegal+for+an+employer+to+hire+a+person+with+limited+skills.%E2%80%9D&source=bl&ots=oBhaVzo4_o&sig=tPYbXajMPWQADdFdRvvbUvPXsbs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=QoU4U-fSIKeisQTIyoGQBQ&ved=0CDwQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Playboy%20Milton%20Friedman%3A%20%E2%80%9CA%20minimum-wage%20law%20is%2C%20in%20reality%2C%20a%20law%20that%20makes%20it%20illegal%20for%20an%20employer%20to%20hire%20a%20person%20with%20limited%20skills.%E2%80%9D&f=false

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Making it illegal to pay less than a given amount does not make a worker’s productivity worth that amount—and, if it is not, that worker is unlikely to be employed. Yet minimum wage laws are almost always discussed politically in terms of the benefits they confer on workers receiving those wages. Unfortunately, the real minimum wage is always zero, regardless of the laws, and that is the wage that many workers receive in the wake of the creation or escalation of a government-mandated minimum wage, because they either lose their jobs or fail to find jobs when they enter the labor force.”)

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Williams, Walter, E. 2014A. “Politics and Minimum Wage.” January 8;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/2014/01/walter-e-williams/attacking-those-who-cant-fight-back/

Williams, Walter, E. 2014B. “The State Against Blacks and the Minimum Wage.” http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2014/05/walter-e-williams-state-against-blacks.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

Williams, Walter, E. 2014C. “Embarrassing Economists.” October 21;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/2014/10/walter-e-williams/embarrassing-economists/

Williams, Walter, E. 2015A. “Self-Enforcing Discrimination.” March 31;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/2015/03/walter-e-williams/minimum-and-maximum-prices/

Williams, Walter, E. 2015B. “Embarrassing Economists.” May 10;

http://researchroom.economicpolicyjournal.com/2015/05/embarrassing-economists.html

Williams, Walter, E. 2016. “The Arrogant Elite,” June 8;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/2016/06/walter-e-williams/arrogant-elite/

Williams, Walter, E. 2017. “Conflicting Visions.” August 2;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/2017/08/walter-e-williams/dishonest-economists-vs-reality/

Williams, Walter, E. Undated.

http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2015/11/powerful-walter-williams-comments-on.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

European countries:

http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2015/04/minimum-wage-and-youth-unemployment.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

http://www.amazon.com/Minimum-Wages-David-Neumark/dp/0262515083

http://www.nber.org/papers/w12663

http://www.vanderbilt.edu/econ/sempapers/Neumark.pdf

http://www.epionline.org/studies/Neumark-01-2013.pdf

http://imageshack.com/a/img707/4291/pvxm.jpg

http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-11-12/biggest-threat-minimum-wage-restaurant-workers-everywhere

Badavas and Block, 1997; Block, 1983, 1985, 1986A, 1986B, 1986C, 1987, 1996, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2013, 2014A, 2014B, 2014C, 2014D, 2014E; Block and Barnett II, 2002; Block and Blundell, 2006; Block, Dauterive and Levendis. 2007; Block and Quigley, 2002; Cappelli and Block, 2012; Greene, Henry, Nathanson and Block, 2007; Hovenga, Naik and Block. 2013; McCormick and Block, 2000; Schuldt, Woodall and Block, 2012; Sohr and Block, 1997.

Badavas, Vicky and Walter E. Block. 1997. “The $4.25/Hour Syndrome,” The Chalcedon Report, May, No. 382, pp. 17-19; http://141.164.133.3/exchange/walterblock/Inbox/Completed%20Scanned%20Material.EML/1_multipart_xF8FF_3_Chalcedon%20Report%20No.%20382%20May%201997.pdf/C58EA28C-18C0-4a97-9AF2-036E93DDAFB3/Chalcedon%20Report%20No.%20382%20May%201997.pdf?attach=1

Block, Walter E. 1983. “Why minimum-wage law is often against low-pay worker?” in Sexty, Robert W., ed. Issues in Canadian Business, Scarborough, ON: Prentice-Hall, Canada, p. 139; reprinted from 10/25/80 “Why minimum-wage law is often against low-pay worker?” The Financial Post, p. 24; http://141.164.133.3/exchange/walterblock/Inbox/Fwd:%20Cleaned%20up%20Block%20Articles%20%231.EML/1_multipart_xF8FF_2_FIN%20POST%20(Min%20Wage)%20OCT%2025,%201980.rtf/C58EA28C-18C0-4a97-9AF2-036E93DDAFB3/FIN%20POST%20(Min%20Wage)%20OCT%2025,%201980.rtf?attach=1

Block, Walter E. 1985. “Minimum wage law no help to unskilled,” The Financial Post, August 17; http://141.164.133.3/exchange/walterblock/Inbox/Renewed%20Block%20Articles.EML/1_multipart_xF8FF_2_FIN%20POST%20-%20Min%20Wge%20Law%20No%20Hlp%20Unskilled%20-%20AUG%2017%201985.pdf/C58EA28C-18C0-4a97-9AF2-036E93DDAFB3/FIN%20POST%20-%20Min%20Wge%20Law%20No%20Hlp%20Unskilled%20-%20AUG%2017%201985.pdf?attach=1

Block, Walter E. 1986A. “It hurts those it would help,” The Vancouver Sun, January 11, p.A6; http://141.164.133.3/exchange/walterblock/Inbox/Fwd:%20Block%20Articles.EML/1_multipart_xF8FF_2_The%20Sun%20%20-%20It%20Hrts%20those%20it%20wld%20Hlp%20-%20JAN%2011%201986.rtf/C58EA28C-18C0-4a97-9AF2-036E93DDAFB3/The%20Sun%20%20-%20It%20Hrts%20those%20it%20wld%20Hlp%20-%20JAN%2011%201986.rtf?attach=1

Block, Walter E. 1986B. “La conspiration du silence sur le salaire minimum,” June, 26 ; Point de Vue, p. B4.

Block, Walter E. 1986C. “Minimum wage is what keeps youth out of work,” The Gazette, April 10; http://141.164.133.3/exchange/walterblock/Inbox/Completed%20Revised%20Block%20Articles.EML/1_multipart_xF8FF_2_COMMENT%20-THE%20GAZETTE-minimum%20wage%20-%20APR%2010%201986.doc/C58EA28C-18C0-4a97-9AF2-036E93DDAFB3/COMMENT%20-THE%20GAZETTE-minimum%20wage%20-%20APR%2010%201986.doc?attach=1

Block, Walter E. 1987. “Minimum Wage Law No Help to Unskilled,” Dateline Canada: Understanding Economics Through Press Reports, pp. 37.

Block, Walter E. 1996. “Labor Market Disputes: A Comment on Albert Rees’ ‘Fairness in Wage Distribution,'” Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 217-230; http://141.164.133.3/faculty/Block/Blockarticles/labormarketdisputes.htm

Block, Walter E. 2000.  “Heritage Stumbles on Minimum Wage,” The Free Market, October, Volume 18, Number 10; http://www.mises.org/freemarket_detail.asp?control=324

Block, Walter E. 2001. “The Minimum Wage: A Reply to Card and Krueger,” Journal of The Tennessee Economics Association, Spring, http://www.walterblock.com/wp-content/uploads/publications/block_minimum-wage-once-again_2001.pdf

Block, Walter E. 2002. “Delusions of rising wages,” New Orleans City Business, January 28, p. 28;http://141.164.133.3/exchange/walterblock/Inbox/Completed%20Scanned%20Material.EML/1_multipart_xF8FF_2_Delusions%20of%20Rising%20Wages%20-%20New%20Orleans%20City%20Business%20Jan.%2028%202002.pdf/C58EA28C-18C0-4a97-9AF2-036E93DDAFB3/Delusions%20of%20Rising%20Wages%20-%20New%20Orleans%20City%20Business%20Jan.%2028%202002.pdf?attach=1

Block, Walter E. 2004 “A Primer on Jobs and the Jobless.” March, 9; http://www.mises.org/fullstory.asp?control=1466; translation into Dutch: www.meervrijheid.nl/werkwerkloosheid.htmhttp://liberalismo.org/autor/block/ http://www.jorgevalin.com/artic/trad/empleo_block.htmhttp://www.kiosco.com.mx/Sem/edit/Archivos/ArchForo/40402Foro.htmlhttp://www.walterblock.com/translations.php

Portuguese translation: http://acao-humana.blogspot.com/2007/04/razes-do-desemprego-e-de-sua-cura.html

DTU translated into Persian?

‘Pashton Baha’ <[email protected]>

Block, Walter E. 2013. “Warren’s Unwarranted Wage.” March 26;

http://mises.org/preview/6389/Warrens-Unwarranted-Wage

http://www.mises.org/daily/6389/Elizabeth-Warrens-Unwarranted-Wage

https://mises.org/library/elizabeth-warrens-unwarranted-wage

Block, Walter E. 2014A. “The Minimum Wage Law.” January 17;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/2014/01/walter-e-block/want-to-stab-the-poor-and-help-labor-unions/http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2014/01/the-hardcore-austrian-school-and.htmlhttp://lockerroom.johnlocke.org/2014/01/17/walter-block-versus-economists-who-want-to-raise-the-minimum-wage/http://libertycrier.com/want-to-stab-the-poor-and-help-labor-unions/?utm_source=The+Liberty+Crier&utm_campaign=2b836d4a7b-The_Liberty_Crier_Daily_News_1_17_2014&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_600843dec4-2b836d4a7b-284768769http://libertycrier.com/want-to-stab-the-poor-and-help-labor-unions/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+LibertyCrier+%28Liberty+Crier%29http://prudentinvestornewsletters.blogspot.com/2014/01/walter-block-on-why-minimum-wage-law-is.html

Block, Walter E. 2014B. “Letter to the Economic Policy Institute on the minimum wage law.” March 1; http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2014/02/walter-block-responds-to-economic.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

Block, Walter E. 2014C:  February 17, 2014. Moore, Caegan [mailto:[email protected]]. The 504 – Guest Appearance; Caegan Moore Producer, The 504 WWL-TV/ Channel 4, “minimum wage law.” (504) 529-6441 | (504) 529-6472 (Fax) | [email protected]

1024 N. Rampart St. | New Orleans, LA 70116; https://www.lewrockwell.com/lrc-blog/walter-block-on-the-wupl-news-station-explaining-minimum-wage/http://www.wwltv.com/on-tv/wupl/Eliminate-the-minimum-wage-246265011.htmlhttp://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2014/06/hey-cmkshama-watch-this-walter-block.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

Block, Walter E. 2014D. “The Minimum Wage Law and Welfare Payments.” June 6;

https://www.lewrockwell.com/2014/06/walter-e-block/walter-block-influenced-by-left-wing-jesuits/http://mises.ca/posts/articles/the-minimum-wage-law-and-welfare-payments/?utm_source=Ludwig+von+Mises+Institute+of+Canada+Daily+List&utm_campaign=e9138a36da-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_6c2fea3584-e9138a36da-209944333#comments

Block, Walter E. 2014E. February 17, 2014. Moore, Caegan [mailto:[email protected]]. The 504 – Guest Appearance; Caegan Moore Producer, The 504 WWL-TV/ Channel 4, “minimum wage law.” (504) 529-6441 | (504) 529-6472 (Fax) | [email protected]

1024 N. Rampart St. | New Orleans, LA 70116; https://www.lewrockwell.com/lrc-blog/walter-block-on-the-wupl-news-station-explaining-minimum-wage/http://www.wwltv.com/on-tv/wupl/Eliminate-the-minimum-wage-246265011.htmlhttp://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2014/06/hey-cmkshama-watch-this-walter-block.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2015/12/dr-walter-block-on-scrapping-minimum.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

Block, Walter E. and William Barnett II. 2002. “The Living Wage: What’s Wrong,” Ideas on Liberty, December, Vol. 52, No. 12, pp.23-24; http://www.fee.org/publications/the-freeman/article.asp?aid=4533

Block, Walter vs Boyd Blundell. 2006. “Unions: Social Benefactors or Gangs of Thugs?” November 10; https://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block64.htmlhttp://mises.org/multimedia/block/Block-Blundell-Debate-2007.wmv[email protected].

http://mises.org/media/2092/Labor-Unions-and-the-Minimum-Wage-A-Debatehttp://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2013/08/circus-act-thursday-will-it-come-to.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6HTWy_vZfgE

Block, Walter E., Jerry Dauterive and John Levendis. 2007. “Globalization and the Concept of Subsistence Wages.” Journal of Income Distribution. Vol. 16, No. 1, March; pp. 74-88; http://www.jid-online.org/

Block, Walter and William Quigley. 2002. New Orleans, LA, Loyola University, Debate between Professors Walter Block, Economics, and William Quigley, Law School on “The Preferential Option for the Poor: Free Markets vs. Government Intervention and the minimum wage law,” May 7, sponsored by the Economics Club and the Loyola Poverty Law Center

Cappelli, Peter and Walter E. Block. 2012. “Debate over the minimum wage law.” Economics, Management, and Financial Markets, 7(4), December, pp. 11-33; http://addletonacademicpublishers.com/abstracts/economics-management-and-financial-markets/volume-7-4-2012/debate-over-the-minimum-wage-law.html

Greene, Zoe, Sally Henry, Coby Nathanson and Walter E. Block. 2007. “Negative Impacts of Minimum Wage and anti Sweatshop Legislation” Humanomics Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 83-92; http://tinyurl.com/27fj7f

Hovenga, Claire, Devaja Naik and Walter E. Block. 2013. “The Detrimental Side Effects of Minimum Wage Laws.” Business and Society Review; Winter, Volume 118, Issue 4, pp. 463-487; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/basr.2013.118.issue-2/issuetoc;

http://bestsetonlineproofing.toppanbestset.com/php/welcome.php?PDF=NDE3Mg==&Proof=QXV0aG9yUmV2aWV3&[email protected],[email protected],[email protected]http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.htmlhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/basr.2013.118.issue-4/issuetochttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/basr.12018/abstracthttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/basr.12018/full

McCormick, Paul and Walter E. Block. 2000. “The Minimum Wage: Does it Really Help Workers,” Southern Connecticut State University Business Journal, Vol. 15, No. 2, Fall-Spring, pp. 77-80; http://www.walterblock.com/publications/minimum_wage.pdfhttp://www.academia.edu/1514258/The_Minimum_Wage_Does_it_Really_Help_Workers;

Schuldt, Robert, Davis Woodall and Walter E. Block.  2012. “Drowning the Poor in Excessive Wages: The Problems of the Minimum Wage Law” Humanomics, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.258 – 269; http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=17062401&ini=aob; 10.1108/08288661211277326

Sohr, Kevin and Walter E. Block. 1997.  “Minimum Wage,” Freeman, Vol. 47, No. 11, November, pp. 681-682. http://www.fee.org/vnews.php?nid=3896

Spain:

Wenzel, Robert. 2013B. “Finally Some Economic Sense in Spain.” June 3; http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2013/06/finally-some-economic-sense-in-spain.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+economicpolicyjournal%2FKpwH+%28EconomicPolicyJournal.com%29

Jimenez, Miguel. 2013. “Bank of Spain recommends suspending minimum wage to tackle unemployment.” May 31;

http://elpais.com/elpais/2013/05/31/inenglish/1370013481_405760.html

Yale Brozen, “The Effect of Statutory Minimum Wage Increases on Teen-Age Unemployment,” 12 The Journal of Law and Economics (1969), at 109ff.; Benewitz and Weintraub, “Employment Effects of a Local Minimum Wage,” 17 Industrial and Labor Relations Review (1964), at 276ff.; Douty, “Some Effects of the $1.00 Minimum Wage in the United States,” 27 Economica (New Series, 1960), at 137ff.; Peterson, “Employment Effects of State Minimum Wages for Women: Three Historical Cases Re-Examined,” in 12 Industrial and Labor Relations Review (1959), at 406ff.; Peterson, “Employment Effects of Minimum Wages: 1938-1950,” 65 Journal of Political Economy (1957), at 412ff.; Stigler, “The Economics of Minimum Wage Legislation,” 36 American Economic Review (1946), at 358ff.

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2:20 am on February 22, 2021